|
Madan Mohan Malaviya ( (1861–1946) was an Indian educationist and politician notable for his role in the Indian independence movement and as the four time president of Indian National Congress. He was respectfully addressed as Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Indian Political Thought )〕 and also addressed as 'Mahamana'. Malaviya is most remembered as the founder of Banaras Hindu University (BHU) at Varanasi in 1916, which was created under the B.H.U. Act, 1915. The largest residential university in Asia and one of the largest in the world, having over 35,000 students across arts, sciences, engineering, medical, agriculture, performing arts, law and technology. Malaviya was Vice Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University from 1919–1938〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bhu.ac.in/history1.htm )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2007/oct/04univ.htm )〕 Malaviya was the founder of Ganga Mahasabha at Haridwar in 1905, Malaviya was the President of the Indian National Congress on two occasions (1909, 1918). He left Congress in 1934. He was a member of the Hindu Mahasabha. He was a president of the special session of Hindu Mahasabha in Gaya in 1922 and in Kashi in 1923. Malaviya was one of the founders of Scouting in India. He also founded a highly influential, English-newspaper, ''The Leader'' published from Allahabad in 1909. He was also the Chairman of ''Hindustan Times'' from 1924 to 1946. His efforts resulted in the launch of its Hindi edition named Hindustan Dainik in 1936.〔http://homagetomahamana.wordpress.com〕 Malaviya was posthumously conferred with Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, on 24 December 2014, a day before his 153rd Birth Anniversary.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Press Information Bureau English Releases )〕 ==Early life and education== Malaviya was born in Allahabad, North-Western Provinces, India on 25 December 1861, to Pandit Brij Nath and Moona Devi. His ancestors, known for their Sanskrit scholarship, originally hailed from Malwa (Ujjain), Madhya Pradesh and hence came to be known as 'Malaviyas'. Their original surname was Chaturvedi. His father was also a learned man in Sanskrit scriptures, and used to recite the ''Srimad Bhagavat''. Malaviya was traditionally educated at two Sanskrit Pathshalas and later continued education at an English school.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=MADAN MOHAN MALAVIYA )〕 Malaviya started his schooling at Hardeva's Dharma Gyanopadesh Pathshala, where he completed his primary education and later another school run by Vidha Vardini Sabha. He then joined Allahabad Zila School (Allahabad District School), where he started writing poems under the pen name ''Makarand'' which were published in journals and magazines. Malaviya matriculated in 1879 from the Muir Central College, now known as Allahabad University. Harrison College's Principal provided a monthly scholarship to Malaviya, whose family had been facing financial hardships, and he was able to complete his B.A. at the University of Calcutta. Although he wanted to pursue an M.A. in Sanskrit, his family conditions did not allow it and his father wanted him to take his family profession of Bhagavat recital, thus in July 1884 Madan Mohan Malaviya started his career as an assistant master at the Govt High School in Allahabad〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Madan Mohan Malaviya」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|